The objective of this systematic review is to determine if physical activity, alone or in combination with food intake and weight change, among male and female youth can lead to higher peak bone mass.
Four research questions will be addressed:
1. What are the effects of (extra) physical activity on the bone mass in young males and females?
2. What are the additional effects of food intake (calcium and energy intake) to physical activity on the bone mass?
3. What is the role of changes in body weight on the effect of physical activity on the bone mass?
4. What is the effectiveness of programmes promoting physical activity in young males and females?